The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA


(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988, promulgated by
Order No. 11 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 29, 1988, and effective as of April 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to developing the socialist commodity
economy, promoting technical progress, improving product quality,
increasing social and economic benefits, safeguarding the interests of the
State and the people and suiting standardization to the needs in socialist
modernization and in the development of economic relations with foreign
countries.
Article 2
Standards shall be formulated for the following technical requirements
that need to be unified:
(1) the varieties, specifications, quality and grades of industrial
products as well as the safety and sanitary requirements for them;
(2) the design, production, inspection, packing, storage, transportation
and methods of operation of industrial products as well as the safety and
sanitary requirements for them in the process of production, storage and
transportation;
(3) technical requirements and testing methods related to environmental
protection;
(4) the designs, construction procedure and safety requirements for
construction projects; and
(5) technical terms, symbols, code names and drawing methods related to
industrial production, project construction and environmental protection.
Major agricultural products and other items that need to be standardized
shall be designated by the State Council.
Article 3
The tasks of standardization shall include the formulation of standards
and organization of and supervision over the implementation of the
standards. Standardization shall be incorporated in the plan for national
economic and social development.
Article 4
The State shall encourage the active adoption of international standards.
Article 5
The department of standardization administration under the State Council
shall be in charge of the unified administration of standardization
throughout the country. Competent administrative authorities under the
State Council shall, in line with their respective functions, be in charge
of standardization in their respective departments and trades.
The departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be
in charge of the unified administration of standardization within their
respective administrative areas. Competent administrative authorities
under the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, in line with their respective
functions, be in charge of standardization in their respective departments
and trades within their respective administrative areas.
The standardization administration departments and the competent
administrative authorities of cities and counties shall, in line with
their respective functions as assigned by the governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government, be in charge of standardization within their respective
administrative areas.

Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Article 6
National standards shall be formulated for the technical requirements that
need to be unified nationwide. National standards shall be formulated by
the department of standardization administration under the State Council.
Where, in the absence of national standards, technical requirements for a
certain trade need to be unified, trade standards may be formulated. Trade
standards shall be formulated by competent administrative authorities
under the State Council and reported to the department of standardization
administration under the State Council for the record, and shall be
annulled on publication of the national standards. Where, in the absence
of both national and trade standards, safety and sanitary requirements for
industrial products need to be unified within a province, an autonomous
region or a municipality directly under the Central Government, local
standards may be formulated. Local standards shall be formulated by
departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and
reported to the department of standardization administration and the
competent administrative authorities under the State Council for the
record, and shall be annulled on publication of the national or trade
standards.
Where, in the absence of both national and trade standards for products
manufactured by an enterprise, standards for the enterprise shall be
formulated to serve as the criteria for the organization of production. An
enterprise's standards for its products shall be reported to the
standardization administration department and the competent administrative
authorities under the local government for the record. Where national or
trade standards have been formulated, the State shall encourage
enterprises to formulate their enterprise standards, which are more
stringent than the national or trade standards, to be used in these
enterprises.
Where the formulation of standards is otherwise provided for by law, such
legal provisions shall be complied with.
Article 7
National standards and trade standards shall be classified into compulsory
standards and voluntary standards. Those for safeguarding human health and
ensuring the safety of the person and of property and those for compulsory
execution as prescribed by the laws and administrative rules and
regulations shall be compulsory standards, the others shall be voluntary
standards.
The local standards formulated by standardization administration
departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government for the safety and sanitary requirements of
industrial products shall be compulsory standards within their respective
administrative areas.
Article 8
The formulation of standards shall be conducive to ensuring safety and the
people's health, safeguarding consumer interests and protecting the
environment.
Article 9
The standards to be formulated shall be conducive to a rational use of the
country's resources, a wider utilization of scientific and technological
gains and the enhancement of economic returns, conform to operation
instructions, increase the universality and interchangeability of
products, and be technologically advanced and economically rational.
Article 10
The standards to be formulated shall be coordinated with and supported by
related standards.
Article 11
The standards to be formulated shall help promote economic and
technological cooperation with foreign countries and foreign trade.
Article 12
The roles of trade associations, scientific research institutions and
academic organizations shall be brought into play in the formulation of
standards. A department engaged in the formulation of standards shall
organize a committee on standardization technology composed of
specialists, which shall be responsible for the drafting of the standards
and shall participate in the examination of the draft standards.
Article 13
After the standards come into force, the department that formulated them
shall, in the light of scientific and technological developments and the
needs in economic construction, make timely reviews of the current
standards to determine if they are to remain effective or are to be
revised or annulled.

Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Article 14
Compulsory standards must be complied with. It shall be prohibited to
produce, sell or import products that are not up to the compulsory
standards. With regard to voluntary standards, the State shall encourage
their adoption by enterprises on an optional basis.
Article 15
With respect to products for which national or trade standards have been
formulated, enterprises may apply to the standardization administration
department under the State Council or agencies authorized by the same
department for product quality authentication. For products which are
authenticated to conform to the standards, certificates shall be issued by
the department that made the authentication and the use of the prescribed
authentication marks shall be permitted on such products and the packing
thereof.
If products for which authentication certificates have been granted do not
conform to national or trade standards, or if products have not undergone
authentication or found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, no authentication marks shall be permitted for use on such
products leaving factories for sale.
Article 16
Technical requirements for export products shall comply with contractual
provisions.
Article 17
The development of new products, improvement of products or technical
renovation by an enterprise shall conform to standardization requirements.
Article 18
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level shall be responsible for supervision over and
inspection of the implementation of the standards.
Article 19
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level may, in accordance with needs, establish inspection
organizations or authorize inspection organizations of other units to
examine whether products conform to the standards. Where the laws and
administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise on inspection
organizations, such provisions shall apply.
Disputes over whether a product conforms to the standards shall be handled
in accordance with the inspection data provided by the inspection
organizations as specified in the preceding paragraph.

Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Article 20
Whoever produces, sells or imports products that do not conform to the
compulsory standards shall be dealt with according to law by the competent
administrative authorities as prescribed by the laws and administrative
rules and regulations. In the absence of such prescriptions, his products
and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated and he shall be concurrently
fined by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce; where
serious consequences are caused and crimes are constituted, the person
directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the law.
Article 21
Where authentication marks are used on products leaving a factory for
sale, for which authentication certificates have been issued but which do
not conform to national or trade standards, the enterprise concerned shall
be ordered by the department of standardization administration to stop the
sale and shall be fined concurrently; where the circumstances are serious,
the authentication certificates shall be revoked by the department that
made the authentication.
Article 22
Whoever uses authentication marks, without authorization, on products
leaving a factory for sale, which have not undergone authentication or
have been found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, shall be ordered by the department of standardization
administration to stop the sale and shall concurrently be fined.
Article 23
A party which refuses to accept the punishment of confiscation of its
products and of its unlawful proceeds and a fine may, within 15 days of
receiving the penalty notice, apply for reconsideration to the office
immediately above the one that made the punishment decision; a party which
refuses to obey the reconsideration decision may, within 15 days of
receiving the reconsideration decision, bring a suit before a people's
court. The party also may, within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice,
directly bring a suit before a people's court. If a party neither applies
for reconsideration nor brings a suit before a people's court within the
prescribed time nor complies with the punishment decision, the office that
made the punishment decision shall apply to a people's court for
compulsory execution.
Article 24
Personnel responsible for the supervision, inspection and administration
of standardization who violate the law or neglect their duties, or are
engaged in malpractices for personal gains, shall be given disciplinary
sanctions; where crimes are constituted, their criminal responsibility
shall be investigated in accordance with the law.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 25
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Council.
Article 26
This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 1989.


Important Notice:
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.


广西壮族自治区人大常委


广西壮族自治区人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例》的决定

　　（2002年1月21日广西壮族自治区第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议通过）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　广西壮族自治区人大常委会
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　公　　告

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（九届第48号）

　　《广西壮族自治区人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改＜广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例＞的决定》已由广西壮族自治区第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议于2002年1月21日通过，现予公布，自2002年2月1日起施行。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　广西壮族自治区人民代表大会常务委员
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2002年1月21日

　　广西壮族自治区第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议决定对《广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例》作如下修改：
　　一、《广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例》名称改为《广西壮族自治区民营科技企业促进条例》。
　　二、删去第二条第二款。
　　三、第三十一条第一款修改为：“民营科技企业经科技行政主管部门认定并领取资格证书，并经县级以上税务部门的核准，可享受国家和自治区有关税收优惠政策。”
　　删去第二款中的“专项”二字。
　　四、删去第三十三条第一款。
　　本决定自2002年2月1日起施行。
　　《广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例》根据本决定作相应的修改，重新公布。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　广西壮族自治区民营科技企业促进条例

　　　　　　　　（1997年3月28日广西壮族自治区第八届人民代表大会常务委员会
　　　　　　　　　第二十七次会议通过　　根据2002年1月21日广西壮族自治区
　　　　　　　　　第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议《关于修改
　　　　　　　　　　＜广西壮族自治区民营科技企业管理条例＞的决定》修正）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第一章　总　　则

　　第一条　为了规范民营科技企业行为，维护民营科技企业合法权益，促进民营科技企业健康发展，根据国家有关法律、法规，结合本自治区实际，制定本条例。
　　第二条　本条例所称的民营科技企业，是指按照自筹资金、自愿组合、自主经营、自负盈亏机制运行，以技术开发、技术转让、技术咨询、技术服务以及科技成果产业化、商品化经营为主要业务的科技型经济实体。
　　第三条　各级人民政府应当把民营科技企业的发展纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，扶持、引导其健康发展。
　　第四条　县级以上科技行政主管部门负责对民营科技企业的指导、管理和服务工作。其主要职责是：
　　（一）制定民营科技企业总体发展规划和管理措施；
　　（二）指导、监督民营科技企业贯彻执行国家有关方针、政策和法律、法规；
　　（三）负责民营科技企业的认定以及发证工作；
　　（四）组织民营科技企业的成果评定和科技人员专业技术职称（资格）评审；
　　（五）负责民营科技企业的统计、人才培训等工作；
　　（六）负责民营科技企业中高新技术企业以及高新技术产品的认定；
　　（七）表彰奖励有突出贡献的民营科技企业和个人。
　　第五条　各级工商、税务、财政、金融、计划、劳动、人事、统计、审计、环境保护、技术监督、教育等部门，应当按照各自的职责分工，做好对民营科技企业的监督管理和服务工作。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第二章　民营科技企业的设立、认定与变更

　　第六条　设立民营科技企业除具备企业登记条例外，还应当同时具备：
　　（一）符合本条例第二次的规定；
　　（二）有与经营范围和规模相适应的专职专业技术人员、技术设施和条件；
　　（三）以技术开发、技术转让以及新产品开发为主要业务的民营科技企业应当拥有合法的专利或者科技成果、新技术产品、专有技术。
　　第七条　实行国有民营的科技企业，除具备本条例第六条规定外，还应当具备下列条件：
　　（一）国有资产必须经具有资格的资产评估机构评估；
　　（二）国有资产所有权管理者与经营者之间应当签订有租赁、委托经营或者承包经营等合同，合同中应当包括投资者与经营者之间的产权份额、利益分享、风险责任、中止合同的条件以及租赁金、保证金等权利、义务；
　　（三）经营者应当具有支付租赁金、保证金等方面的能力或者其他担保。
　　第八条　申办民营科技企业应当按照下列程序办理：
　　（一）向所在地县级以上科技行政主管部门办理认定手续；
　　（二）向所在地工商行政管理部门办理登记注册手续；
　　（三）在登记注册后三十日内持营业执照向原认定机关领取资格证书；
　　（四）自领取营业执照之日起三十日内，持有关证件向税务机关申请办理税务登记。
　　现有企业符合民营科技企业条件的，可以向所在地县以上科技行政主管部门补办认定手续，并向原登记注册的工商行政管理部门办理变更登记，在变更登记后三十日内向原认定机关领取资格证书。
　　第九条　单位和个人的知识产权经合法评估后可以按照国家规定的比例折价作注册资本。
　　第十条　民营科技企业分立、合并、撤销、歇业、迁移地址、变更名称、改变法定代表人或者负责人、变更经营和经营方式等，应当到原登记注册机关办理有关手续，报原认定机关备案。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第三章　民营科技企业的经营管理

　　第十一条　民营科技企业实行谁投资、谁拥有产权，谁受益、谁承担风险的原则。
　　第十二条　民营科技企业必须明晰产权关系，其国有资产部分必须经同级国有资产管理部门办理产权登记，并按照国家有关规定核定和处置。
　　国有企业事业单位、科研机构实行国有民营或者由国有企业事业单位、科研机构、大专院校按照国有民营方式投资创办的民营科技企业的经营者必须保证国有资产的完整与保值、增值。
　　实行集体经济、合作经济或者股份制经济的民营科技企业应当以书面合同形式明确各产权主体的产权关系、利益分享及风险责任，保护各方的合法权益。
　　第十三条　国有资产管理和审计部门应当加强对国有民营科技企业中国有资产的监督、管理、核算与审计。对其中经营不善，亏损超出经营者的保证能力，且无改变这种状况可能的，国有资产所有权管理者应当根据合同约定及时中止原签订的经营合同。
　　第十四条　民营科技企业中科技人员的非职务技术成果等个人知识产权经合法评估后可以作价入股投资。
　　第十五条　民营科技企业在法律、法规、政策允许的范围内，根据自身的情况，可以自主选择企业的组织形式，自主从事经营活动，自行决定科研、生产、销售和分配，自行决定内部机构的设置、人员聘用和辞退。
　　第十六条　鼓励和支持民营科技企业参与各种形式的经济技术联合，组建跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制的企业集团或者股份制企业。
　　允许民营科技企业承包、租赁、兼并和购买包括国有企业在内的其他企业。
　　第十七条　民营科技企业可以根据国家规定和需要从国外引进资金、技术、人才和生产、科研设备。也可以按照国家有关规定利用外资，在境内兴办合资、合作经营企业。
　　第十八条　民营科技企业可以参与对外贸易洽谈和技术交流，自行选择外贸代理机构。经自治区科技行政主管部门审核，并报有关部门批准后、独资企业，以及在境外设立分支机构或者销售网点。
　　第十九条　符合条件的民营科技企业，经国家有关部门批准可以享有进出口经营权。
　　第二十条　民营科技企业必须遵照国家有关规定，建立健全内部管理制度，严格财务管理，并接受有关部门的审计与监督。
　　第二十一条　民营科技企业在招收职工时应当以书面形式签订劳动用工合同，按照国家和自治区的有关规定办理职工养老、医疗、失业、工伤和女职工生育等社会保险，建立健全职工劳动安全保护制度，保护职工的合法权益。
　　第二十二条　任何单位和个人不得非法侵害民营科技企业的财产和知识产权等合法权益。民营科技企业有权拒绝任何不合理摊派。
　　民营科技企业在生产经营过程中，应当遵守国家法律法规，不得以欺骗、假冒、剽窃等不正当手段侵犯他人知识产权，不得损害国家、社会及他人的合法权益。
　　第二十三条　民营科技企业应当积极引进技术，开展技术创新活动，企业用于技术开发的经费应当不低于企业年销售收入的3%，并按照实际发生额计入成本。
　　第二十四条　民营科技企业必须按照国家有关规定，提供有关统计资料，不得虚报、瞒报、伪造、篡改或者拒报、迟报统计资料。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第四章　民营科技企业的扶持与奖励

　　第二十五条　允许民营科技企业承担国家、行业、自治区的科研计划项目，在经费、技术、物资条件等方面与国有科研院所同等对待。
　　民营科技企业取得的技术成果可以申请鉴定和申报奖励。
　　第二十六条　到民营科技企业工作的各类科技人员和管理人员的人事档案由地人事部门所属的人才交流机构管理。
　　第二十七条　民营科技企业的科技人员在同等条件下可以参与评定相关的专业技术职称，取得专业技术职称资格证书的，由企业自主聘用，其职务和待遇由企业决定。
　　第二十八条　多渠道增加民营科技企业的资金投入。
　　各专业银行、信用社以及其他金融机构应当支持民营科技企业的发展，根据国家的信贷政策和民营科技企业合理的资金需要予以信贷扶持，经过评估的知识产权可以作为贷款质押。
　　建立风险投资机制，支持民营科技企业开发科技新产品。
　　第二十九条　支持有条件的地方建立科技企业园区。园区的规划、土地征用、建设纳入当地社会经济发展计划，由当地人民政府组织实施。
　　第三十条　民营科技企业所需的特殊生产资料和设备，有关部门应当给予支持和供应。
　　第三十一条　民营科技企业经科技行政主管部门认定并领取资格证书，并经县级以上税务部门的核准，可享受国家和自治区关税收优惠政策。
　　前款各项所减免的税款应当作为企业自身的新增投资，用于研究开发或者生产经营的投入。
　　第三十二条　实行股份制或者股份合作制的民营科技企业，经股东会批准，可以提取部分税后利润，以赠送新股的方式奖励对企业的发展有显著贡献的科技人员和职工。
　　第三十三条　各级人民政府和主管部门应当对促进民营科技企业发展作出突出贡献的单位和个人给予表彰和奖励。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第五章　法律责任

　　第三十四条　申请办理民营科技企业认定时弄虚作假，已经认定为民营科技企业的，科技行政主管部门应当撤销认定并通知有关部门取消其享受的优惠待遇，追缴其违法所得。
　　第三十五条　民营科技企业在经营过程中情况发生变化，不符合民营科技企业条件的，由科技行政主管部门责令其限期改正，逾期不改的，取消其民营科技企业资格证书。
　　第三十六条　违反本条例第十二条规定，使国有资产流失和损害的，由国有资产管理部门依照有关法律、法规处理，情节严重构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究其刑事责任。
　　第三十七条　违反本条例第二十一条规定的，由劳动部门依照国家有关规定处理。
　　第三十八条　违反本条例第二十二条规定的，应当承担民事责任；构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。
　　第三十九条　违反本条例第二十四条规定，虚报、瞒报、伪造、篡改或者拒报、迟报统计资料的，由统计部门按照国家和自治区有关规定给予处罚。
　　第四十条　政府有关部门的工作人员在办理民营科技企业有关事项时滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，由其所在单位或者有关主管机关给予行政处分。造成重大损失构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第六章　附　　则

　　第四十一条　本条例具体应用中的问题，由自治区科技行政主管部门负责解释。
　　第四十二条　自治区人民政府根据本条例规定，可以制定实施办法。
　　第四十三条　本等条例自公布之日起施行。